KVM: x86: Fix a possible backwards warp of kvmclock

Kernel time, which advances in discrete steps may progress much slower
than TSC.  As a result, when kvmclock is adjusted to a new base, the
apparent time to the guest, which runs at a much higher, nsec scaled
rate based on the current TSC, may have already been observed to have
a larger value (kernel_ns + scaled tsc) than the value to which we are
setting it (kernel_ns + 0).

We must instead compute the clock as potentially observed by the guest
for kernel_ns to make sure it does not go backwards.

Signed-off-by: Zachary Amsden <zamsden@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h
index 5ab1c3f..789e946 100644 (file)
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h
@@ -339,6 +339,8 @@ struct kvm_vcpu_arch {
        unsigned int time_offset;
        struct page *time_page;
        u64 last_host_tsc;
+       u64 last_guest_tsc;
+       u64 last_kernel_ns;
 
        bool nmi_pending;
        bool nmi_injected;

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
index d0764a2..d4d33f9 100644 (file)
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@
 #include <asm/mce.h>
 #include <asm/i387.h>
 #include <asm/xcr.h>
+#include <asm/pvclock.h>
 
 #define MAX_IO_MSRS 256
 #define CR0_RESERVED_BITS                                              \
@@ -976,14 +977,15 @@ static int kvm_write_guest_time(struct kvm_vcpu *v)
        struct kvm_vcpu_arch *vcpu = &v->arch;
        void *shared_kaddr;
        unsigned long this_tsc_khz;
-       s64 kernel_ns;
+       s64 kernel_ns, max_kernel_ns;
+       u64 tsc_timestamp;
 
        if ((!vcpu->time_page))
                return 0;
 
        /* Keep irq disabled to prevent changes to the clock */
        local_irq_save(flags);
-       kvm_get_msr(v, MSR_IA32_TSC, &vcpu->hv_clock.tsc_timestamp);
+       kvm_get_msr(v, MSR_IA32_TSC, &tsc_timestamp);
        kernel_ns = get_kernel_ns();
        this_tsc_khz = __get_cpu_var(cpu_tsc_khz);
        local_irq_restore(flags);
@@ -993,13 +995,49 @@ static int kvm_write_guest_time(struct kvm_vcpu *v)
                return 1;
        }
 
+       /*
+        * Time as measured by the TSC may go backwards when resetting the base
+        * tsc_timestamp.  The reason for this is that the TSC resolution is
+        * higher than the resolution of the other clock scales.  Thus, many
+        * possible measurments of the TSC correspond to one measurement of any
+        * other clock, and so a spread of values is possible.  This is not a
+        * problem for the computation of the nanosecond clock; with TSC rates
+        * around 1GHZ, there can only be a few cycles which correspond to one
+        * nanosecond value, and any path through this code will inevitably
+        * take longer than that.  However, with the kernel_ns value itself,
+        * the precision may be much lower, down to HZ granularity.  If the
+        * first sampling of TSC against kernel_ns ends in the low part of the
+        * range, and the second in the high end of the range, we can get:
+        *
+        * (TSC - offset_low) * S + kns_old > (TSC - offset_high) * S + kns_new
+        *
+        * As the sampling errors potentially range in the thousands of cycles,
+        * it is possible such a time value has already been observed by the
+        * guest.  To protect against this, we must compute the system time as
+        * observed by the guest and ensure the new system time is greater.
+        */
+       max_kernel_ns = 0;
+       if (vcpu->hv_clock.tsc_timestamp && vcpu->last_guest_tsc) {
+               max_kernel_ns = vcpu->last_guest_tsc -
+                               vcpu->hv_clock.tsc_timestamp;
+               max_kernel_ns = pvclock_scale_delta(max_kernel_ns,
+                                   vcpu->hv_clock.tsc_to_system_mul,
+                                   vcpu->hv_clock.tsc_shift);
+               max_kernel_ns += vcpu->last_kernel_ns;
+       }
+
        if (unlikely(vcpu->hw_tsc_khz != this_tsc_khz)) {
                kvm_set_time_scale(this_tsc_khz, &vcpu->hv_clock);
                vcpu->hw_tsc_khz = this_tsc_khz;
        }
 
+       if (max_kernel_ns > kernel_ns)
+               kernel_ns = max_kernel_ns;
+
        /* With all the info we got, fill in the values */
+       vcpu->hv_clock.tsc_timestamp = tsc_timestamp;
        vcpu->hv_clock.system_time = kernel_ns + v->kvm->arch.kvmclock_offset;
+       vcpu->last_kernel_ns = kernel_ns;
        vcpu->hv_clock.flags = 0;
 
        /*
@@ -4931,6 +4969,8 @@ static int vcpu_enter_guest(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
        if (hw_breakpoint_active())
                hw_breakpoint_restore();
 
+       kvm_get_msr(vcpu, MSR_IA32_TSC, &vcpu->arch.last_guest_tsc);
+
        atomic_set(&vcpu->guest_mode, 0);
        smp_wmb();
        local_irq_enable();