Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt

   1 February 2003             Kernel Parameters                     v2.5.59
   2                           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
   3
   4 The following is a consolidated list of the kernel parameters as implemented
   5 (mostly) by the __setup() macro and sorted into English Dictionary order
   6 (defined as ignoring all punctuation and sorting digits before letters in a
   7 case insensitive manner), and with descriptions where known.
   8
   9 Module parameters for loadable modules are specified only as the
  10 parameter name with optional '=' and value as appropriate, such as:
  11
  12         modprobe usbcore blinkenlights=1
  13
  14 Module parameters for modules that are built into the kernel image
  15 are specified on the kernel command line with the module name plus
  16 '.' plus parameter name, with '=' and value if appropriate, such as:
  17
  18         usbcore.blinkenlights=1
  19
  20 The text in square brackets at the beginning of the description state the
  21 restrictions on the kernel for the said kernel parameter to be valid. The
  22 restrictions referred to are that the relevant option is valid if:
  23
  24         ACPI    ACPI support is enabled.
  25         ALSA    ALSA sound support is enabled.
  26         APIC    APIC support is enabled.
  27         APM     Advanced Power Management support is enabled.
  28         AX25    Appropriate AX.25 support is enabled.
  29         CD      Appropriate CD support is enabled.
  30         DEVFS   devfs support is enabled.
  31         DRM     Direct Rendering Management support is enabled.
  32         EDD     BIOS Enhanced Disk Drive Services (EDD) is enabled
  33         EFI     EFI Partitioning (GPT) is enabled
  34         EIDE    EIDE/ATAPI support is enabled.
  35         FB      The frame buffer device is enabled.
  36         HW      Appropriate hardware is enabled.
  37         IA-32   IA-32 aka i386 architecture is enabled.
  38         IA-64   IA-64 architecture is enabled.
  39         IOSCHED More than one I/O scheduler is enabled.
  40         IP_PNP  IP DCHP, BOOTP, or RARP is enabled.
  41         ISAPNP  ISA PnP code is enabled.
  42         ISDN    Appropriate ISDN support is enabled.
  43         JOY     Appropriate joystick support is enabled.
  44         LP      Printer support is enabled.
  45         LOOP    Loopback device support is enabled.
  46         M68k    M68k architecture is enabled.
  47                         These options have more detailed description inside of
  48                         Documentation/m68k/kernel-options.txt.
  49         MCA     MCA bus support is enabled.
  50         MDA     MDA console support is enabled.
  51         MOUSE   Appropriate mouse support is enabled.
  52         MTD     MTD support is enabled.
  53         NET     Appropriate network support is enabled.
  54         NUMA    NUMA support is enabled.
  55         NFS     Appropriate NFS support is enabled.
  56         OSS     OSS sound support is enabled.
  57         PARIDE  The ParIDE subsystem is enabled.
  58         PARISC  The PA-RISC architecture is enabled.
  59         PCI     PCI bus support is enabled.
  60         PCMCIA  The PCMCIA subsystem is enabled.
  61         PNP     Plug & Play support is enabled.
  62         PPC     PowerPC architecture is enabled.
  63         PPT     Parallel port support is enabled.
  64         PS2     Appropriate PS/2 support is enabled.
  65         RAM     RAM disk support is enabled.
  66         S390    S390 architecture is enabled.
  67         SCSI    Appropriate SCSI support is enabled.
  68                         A lot of drivers has their options described inside of
  69                         Documentation/scsi/.
  70         SERIAL  Serial support is enabled.
  71         SMP     The kernel is an SMP kernel.
  72         SPARC   Sparc architecture is enabled.
  73         SWSUSP  Software suspension is enabled.
  74         TS      Appropriate touchscreen support is enabled.
  75         USB     USB support is enabled.
  76         V4L     Video For Linux support is enabled.
  77         VGA     The VGA console has been enabled.
  78         VT      Virtual terminal support is enabled.
  79         WDT     Watchdog support is enabled.
  80         XT      IBM PC/XT MFM hard disk support is enabled.
  81
  82 In addition, the following text indicates that the option:
  83
  84         BUGS=   Relates to possible processor bugs on the said processor.
  85         KNL     Is a kernel start-up parameter.
  86         BOOT    Is a boot loader parameter.
  87
  88 Parameters denoted with BOOT are actually interpreted by the boot
  89 loader, and have no meaning to the kernel directly.
  90 Do not modify the syntax of boot loader parameters without extreme
  91 need or coordination with <Documentation/i386/boot.txt>.
  92
  93 Note that ALL kernel parameters listed below are CASE SENSITIVE, and that
  94 a trailing = on the name of any parameter states that that parameter will
  95 be entered as an environment variable, whereas its absence indicates that
  96 it will appear as a kernel argument readable via /proc/cmdline by programs
  97 running once the system is up.
  98
  99         53c7xx=         [HW,SCSI] Amiga SCSI controllers
 100                         See header of drivers/scsi/53c7xx.c.
 101                         See also Documentation/scsi/ncr53c7xx.txt.
 102
 103         acpi=           [HW,ACPI] Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
 104                         Format: { force | off | ht | strict }
 105                         force -- enable ACPI if default was off
 106                         off -- disable ACPI if default was on
 107                         noirq -- do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
 108                         ht -- run only enough ACPI to enable Hyper Threading
 109                         strict --  Be less tolerant of platforms that are not
 110                                 strictly ACPI specification compliant.
 111
 112                         See also Documentation/pm.txt, pci=noacpi
 113
 114         acpi_sleep=     [HW,ACPI] Sleep options
 115                         Format: { s3_bios, s3_mode }
 116                         See Documentation/power/video.txt
 117
 118         acpi_sci=       [HW,ACPI] ACPI System Control Interrupt trigger mode
 119                         Format: { level | edge |  high | low }
 120
 121         acpi_irq_balance        [HW,ACPI] ACPI will balance active IRQs
 122                                 default in APIC mode
 123
 124         acpi_irq_nobalance      [HW,ACPI] ACPI will not move active IRQs (default)
 125                                 default in PIC mode
 126
 127         acpi_irq_pci=   [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, Clear listed IRQs for use by PCI
 128                         Format: <irq>,<irq>...
 129
 130         acpi_irq_isa=   [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, Mark listed IRQs used by ISA
 131                         Format: <irq>,<irq>...
 132
 133         acpi_osi=       [HW,ACPI] empty param disables _OSI
 134
 135         acpi_serialize  [HW,ACPI] force serialization of AML methods
 136
 137         acpi_skip_timer_override [HW,ACPI]
 138                         Recognize and ignore IRQ0/pin2 Interrupt Override.
 139                         For broken nForce2 BIOS resulting in XT-PIC timer.
 140
 141         acpi_dbg_layer= [HW,ACPI]
 142                         Format: <int>
 143                         Each bit of the <int> indicates an acpi debug layer,
 144                         1: enable, 0: disable. It is useful for boot time
 145                         debugging. After system has booted up, it can be set
 146                         via /proc/acpi/debug_layer.
 147
 148         acpi_dbg_level= [HW,ACPI]
 149                         Format: <int>
 150                         Each bit of the <int> indicates an acpi debug level,
 151                         1: enable, 0: disable. It is useful for boot time
 152                         debugging. After system has booted up, it can be set
 153                         via /proc/acpi/debug_level.
 154
 155         acpi_fake_ecdt  [HW,ACPI] Workaround failure due to BIOS lacking ECDT
 156
 157         ad1816=         [HW,OSS]
 158                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
 159                         See also Documentation/sound/oss/AD1816.
 160
 161         ad1848=         [HW,OSS]
 162                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<type>
 163
 164         adlib=          [HW,OSS]
 165                         Format: <io>
 166
 167         advansys=       [HW,SCSI]
 168                         See header of drivers/scsi/advansys.c.
 169
 170         advwdt=         [HW,WDT] Advantech WDT
 171                         Format: <iostart>,<iostop>
 172
 173         aedsp16=        [HW,OSS] Audio Excel DSP 16
 174                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<mss_io>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
 175                         See also header of sound/oss/aedsp16.c.
 176
 177         aha152x=        [HW,SCSI]
 178                         See Documentation/scsi/aha152x.txt.
 179
 180         aha1542=        [HW,SCSI]
 181                         Format: <portbase>[,<buson>,<busoff>[,<dmaspeed>]]
 182
 183         aic7xxx=        [HW,SCSI]
 184                         See Documentation/scsi/aic7xxx.txt.
 185
 186         aic79xx=        [HW,SCSI]
 187                         See Documentation/scsi/aic79xx.txt.
 188
 189         AM53C974=       [HW,SCSI]
 190                         Format: <host-scsi-id>,<target-scsi-id>,<max-rate>,<max-offset>
 191                         See also header of drivers/scsi/AM53C974.c.
 192
 193         amijoy.map=     [HW,JOY] Amiga joystick support
 194                         Map of devices attached to JOY0DAT and JOY1DAT
 195                         Format: <a>,<b>
 196                         See also Documentation/kernel/input/joystick.txt
 197
 198         analog.map=     [HW,JOY] Analog joystick and gamepad support
 199                         Specifies type or capabilities of an analog joystick
 200                         connected to one of 16 gameports
 201                         Format: <type1>,<type2>,..<type16>
 202
 203         apc=            [HW,SPARC] Power management functions (SPARCstation-4/5 + deriv.)
 204                         Format: noidle
 205                         Disable APC CPU standby support. SPARCstation-Fox does
 206                         not play well with APC CPU idle - disable it if you have
 207                         APC and your system crashes randomly.
 208
 209         apic=           [APIC,i386] Change the output verbosity  whilst booting
 210                         Format: { quiet (default) | verbose | debug }
 211                         Change the amount of debugging information output
 212                         when initialising the APIC and IO-APIC components.
 213
 214         apm=            [APM] Advanced Power Management
 215                         See header of arch/i386/kernel/apm.c.
 216
 217         applicom=       [HW]
 218                         Format: <mem>,<irq>
 219
 220         arcrimi=        [HW,NET] ARCnet - "RIM I" (entirely mem-mapped) cards
 221                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<nodeID>
 222
 223         ataflop=        [HW,M68k]
 224
 225         atarimouse=     [HW,MOUSE] Atari Mouse
 226
 227         atascsi=        [HW,SCSI] Atari SCSI
 228
 229         atkbd.extra=    [HW] Enable extra LEDs and keys on IBM RapidAccess, EzKey
 230                         and similar keyboards
 231
 232         atkbd.reset=    [HW] Reset keyboard during initialization
 233
 234         atkbd.set=      [HW] Select keyboard code set
 235                         Format: <int> (2 = AT (default) 3 = PS/2)
 236
 237         atkbd.scroll=   [HW] Enable scroll wheel on MS Office and similar keyboards
 238
 239         atkbd.softrepeat=
 240                         [HW] Use software keyboard repeat
 241
 242         autotest        [IA64]
 243
 244         awe=            [HW,OSS] AWE32/SB32/AWE64 wave table synth
 245                         Format: <io>,<memsize>,<isapnp>
 246
 247         aztcd=          [HW,CD] Aztech CD268 CDROM driver
 248                         Format: <io>,0x79 (?)
 249
 250         baycom_epp=     [HW,AX25]
 251                         Format: <io>,<mode>
 252
 253         baycom_par=     [HW,AX25] BayCom Parallel Port AX.25 Modem
 254                         Format: <io>,<mode>
 255                         See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_par.c.
 256
 257         baycom_ser_fdx= [HW,AX25] BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Full Duplex Mode)
 258                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>[,<baud>]
 259                         See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_fdx.c.
 260
 261         baycom_ser_hdx= [HW,AX25] BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Half Duplex Mode)
 262                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>
 263                         See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_hdx.c.
 264
 265         blkmtd_device=  [HW,MTD]
 266         blkmtd_erasesz=
 267         blkmtd_ro=
 268         blkmtd_bs=
 269         blkmtd_count=
 270
 271         bttv.card=      [HW,V4L] bttv (bt848 + bt878 based grabber cards)
 272         bttv.radio=     Most important insmod options are available as kernel args too.
 273         bttv.pll=       See Documentation/video4linux/bttv/Insmod-options
 274         bttv.tuner=     and Documentation/video4linux/bttv/CARDLIST
 275
 276         BusLogic=       [HW,SCSI]
 277                         See drivers/scsi/BusLogic.c, comment before function
 278                         BusLogic_ParseDriverOptions().
 279
 280         c101=           [NET] Moxa C101 synchronous serial card
 281
 282         cachesize=      [BUGS=IA-32] Override level 2 CPU cache size detection.
 283                         Sometimes CPU hardware bugs make them report the cache
 284                         size incorrectly. The kernel will attempt work arounds
 285                         to fix known problems, but for some CPUs it is not
 286                         possible to determine what the correct size should be.
 287                         This option provides an override for these situations.
 288
 289         cdu31a=         [HW,CD]
 290                         Format: <io>,<irq>[,PAS]
 291                         See header of drivers/cdrom/cdu31a.c.
 292
 293         chandev=        [HW,NET] Generic channel device initialisation
 294
 295         clock=          [BUGS=IA-32, HW] gettimeofday timesource override.
 296                         Forces specified timesource (if avaliable) to be used
 297                         when calculating gettimeofday(). If specicified timesource
 298                         is not avalible, it defaults to PIT.
 299                         Format: { pit | tsc | cyclone | pmtmr }
 300
 301         hpet=           [IA-32,HPET] option to disable HPET and use PIT.
 302                         Format: disable
 303
 304         cm206=          [HW,CD]
 305                         Format: { auto | [<io>,][<irq>] }
 306
 307         com20020=       [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM20020 chipset
 308                         Format: <io>[,<irq>[,<nodeID>[,<backplane>[,<ckp>[,<timeout>]]]]]
 309
 310         com90io=        [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (IO-mapped buffers)
 311                         Format: <io>[,<irq>]
 312
 313         com90xx=        [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (memory-mapped buffers)
 314                         Format: <io>[,<irq>[,<memstart>]]
 315
 316         condev=         [HW,S390] console device
 317         conmode=
 318
 319         console=        [KNL] Output console device and options.
 320
 321                 tty<n>  Use the virtual console device <n>.
 322
 323                 ttyS<n>[,options]
 324                         Use the specified serial port.  The options are of
 325                         the form "bbbbpn", where "bbbb" is the baud rate,
 326                         "p" is parity ("n", "o", or "e"), and "n" is bits.
 327                         Default is "9600n8".
 328
 329                         See also Documentation/serial-console.txt.
 330
 331                 uart,io,<addr>[,options]
 332                 uart,mmio,<addr>[,options]
 333                         Start an early, polled-mode console on the 8250/16550
 334                         UART at the specified I/O port or MMIO address,
 335                         switching to the matching ttyS device later.  The
 336                         options are the same as for ttyS, above.
 337
 338         cpcihp_generic= [HW,PCI] Generic port I/O CompactPCI driver
 339                         Format: <first_slot>,<last_slot>,<port>,<enum_bit>[,<debug>]
 340
 341         cpia_pp=        [HW,PPT]
 342                         Format: { parport<nr> | auto | none }
 343
 344         cs4232=         [HW,OSS]
 345                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mpuio>,<mpuirq>
 346
 347         cs89x0_dma=     [HW,NET]
 348                         Format: <dma>
 349
 350         cs89x0_media=   [HW,NET]
 351                         Format: { rj45 | aui | bnc }
 352
 353         cyclades=       [HW,SERIAL] Cyclades multi-serial port adapter.
 354
 355         dasd=           [HW,NET]
 356                         See header of drivers/s390/block/dasd_devmap.c.
 357
 358         db9.dev[2|3]=   [HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick support via parallel port
 359                         (one device per port)
 360                         Format: <port#>,<type>
 361                         See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
 362
 363         debug           [KNL] Enable kernel debugging (events log level).
 364
 365         decnet=         [HW,NET]
 366                         Format: <area>[,<node>]
 367                         See also Documentation/networking/decnet.txt.
 368
 369         devfs=          [DEVFS]
 370                         See Documentation/filesystems/devfs/boot-options.
 371
 372         dhash_entries=  [KNL]
 373                         Set number of hash buckets for dentry cache.
 374
 375         digi=           [HW,SERIAL]
 376                         IO parameters + enable/disable command.
 377
 378         digiepca=       [HW,SERIAL]
 379                         See drivers/char/README.epca and
 380                         Documentation/digiepca.txt.
 381
 382         dmascc=         [HW,AX25,SERIAL] AX.25 Z80SCC driver with DMA
 383                         support available.
 384                         Format: <io_dev0>[,<io_dev1>[,..<io_dev32>]]
 385
 386         dmasound=       [HW,OSS] Sound subsystem buffers
 387
 388         dscc4.setup=    [NET]
 389
 390         dtc3181e=       [HW,SCSI]
 391
 392         earlyprintk=    [x86, x86_64]
 393                         earlyprintk=vga
 394                         earlyprintk=serial[,ttySn[,baudrate]]
 395
 396                         Append ,keep to not disable it when the real console
 397                         takes over.
 398
 399                         Only vga or serial at a time, not both.
 400
 401                         Currently only ttyS0 and ttyS1 are supported.
 402
 403                         Interaction with the standard serial driver is not
 404                         very good.
 405
 406                         The VGA output is eventually overwritten by the real
 407                         console.
 408
 409         eata=           [HW,SCSI]
 410
 411         eda=            [HW,PS2]
 412
 413         edb=            [HW,PS2]
 414
 415         edd=            [EDD]
 416                         Format: {"of[f]" | "sk[ipmbr]"}
 417                         See comment in arch/i386/boot/edd.S
 418
 419         eicon=          [HW,ISDN]
 420                         Format: <id>,<membase>,<irq>
 421
 422         eisa_irq_edge=  [PARISC,HW]
 423                         See header of drivers/parisc/eisa.c.
 424
 425         elanfreq=       [IA-32]
 426                         See comment before function elanfreq_setup() in
 427                         arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/elanfreq.c.
 428
 429         elevator=       [IOSCHED]
 430                         Format: {"as"|"cfq"|"deadline"|"noop"}
 431                         See Documentation/block/as-iosched.txt
 432                         and Documentation/block/deadline-iosched.txt for details.
 433
 434         es1370=         [HW,OSS]
 435                         Format: <lineout>[,<micbias>]
 436                         See also header of sound/oss/es1370.c.
 437
 438         es1371=         [HW,OSS]
 439                         Format: <spdif>,[<nomix>,[<amplifier>]]
 440                         See also header of sound/oss/es1371.c.
 441
 442         ether=          [HW,NET] Ethernet cards parameters
 443                         This option is obsoleted by the "netdev=" option, which
 444                         has equivalent usage. See its documentation for details.
 445
 446         eurwdt=         [HW,WDT] Eurotech CPU-1220/1410 onboard watchdog.
 447                         Format: <io>[,<irq>]
 448
 449         fd_mcs=         [HW,SCSI]
 450                         See header of drivers/scsi/fd_mcs.c.
 451
 452         fdomain=        [HW,SCSI]
 453                         See header of drivers/scsi/fdomain.c.
 454
 455         floppy=         [HW]
 456                         See Documentation/floppy.txt.
 457
 458         ftape=          [HW] Floppy Tape subsystem debugging options.
 459                         See Documentation/ftape.txt.
 460
 461         gamecon.map[2|3]=
 462                         [HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick and NES/SNES/PSX pad
 463                         support via parallel port (up to 5 devices per port)
 464                         Format: <port#>,<pad1>,<pad2>,<pad3>,<pad4>,<pad5>
 465                         See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
 466
 467         gamma=          [HW,DRM]
 468
 469         gdth=           [HW,SCSI]
 470                         See header of drivers/scsi/gdth.c.
 471
 472         gpt             [EFI] Forces disk with valid GPT signature but
 473                         invalid Protective MBR to be treated as GPT.
 474
 475         gscd=           [HW,CD]
 476                         Format: <io>
 477
 478         gt96100eth=     [NET] MIPS GT96100 Advanced Communication Controller
 479
 480         gus=            [HW,OSS]
 481                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>
 482
 483         gvp11=          [HW,SCSI]
 484
 485         hashdist=       [KNL,NUMA] Large hashes allocated during boot
 486                         are distributed across NUMA nodes.  Defaults on
 487                         for IA-64, off otherwise.
 488
 489         hcl=            [IA-64] SGI's Hardware Graph compatibility layer
 490
 491         hd=             [EIDE] (E)IDE hard drive subsystem geometry
 492                         Format: <cyl>,<head>,<sect>
 493
 494         hd?=            [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
 495         hd?lun=         See Documentation/ide.txt.
 496
 497         highmem=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT] forces the highmem zone to have an exact
 498                         size of <nn>. This works even on boxes that have no
 499                         highmem otherwise. This also works to reduce highmem
 500                         size on bigger boxes.
 501
 502         hisax=          [HW,ISDN]
 503                         See Documentation/isdn/README.HiSax.
 504
 505         hugepages=      [HW,IA-32,IA-64] Maximal number of HugeTLB pages.
 506
 507         noirqbalance    [IA-32,SMP,KNL] Disable kernel irq balancing
 508
 509         i8042.direct    [HW] Put keyboard port into non-translated mode
 510         i8042.dumbkbd   [HW] Pretend that controlled can only read data from
 511                              keyboard and can not control its state
 512                              (Don't attempt to blink the leds)
 513         i8042.noacpi    [HW] Don't use ACPI to discover KBD/AUX controller
 514                              settings
 515         i8042.noaux     [HW] Don't check for auxiliary (== mouse) port
 516         i8042.nomux     [HW] Don't check presence of an active multiplexing
 517                              controller
 518         i8042.reset     [HW] Reset the controller during init and cleanup
 519         i8042.unlock    [HW] Unlock (ignore) the keylock
 520
 521         i810=           [HW,DRM]
 522
 523         i8k.force       [HW] Activate i8k driver even if SMM BIOS signature
 524                         does not match list of supported models.
 525         i8k.power_status
 526                         [HW] Report power status in /proc/i8k
 527                         (disabled by default)
 528         i8k.restricted  [HW] Allow controlling fans only if SYS_ADMIN
 529                         capability is set.
 530
 531         ibmmcascsi=     [HW,MCA,SCSI] IBM MicroChannel SCSI adapter
 532                         See Documentation/mca.txt.
 533
 534         icn=            [HW,ISDN]
 535                         Format: <io>[,<membase>[,<icn_id>[,<icn_id2>]]]
 536
 537         ide=            [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
 538                         Format: ide=nodma or ide=doubler or ide=reverse
 539                         See Documentation/ide.txt.
 540
 541         ide?=           [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
 542                         Format: ide?=noprobe or chipset specific parameters.
 543                         See Documentation/ide.txt.
 544
 545         idebus=         [HW] (E)IDE subsystem - VLB/PCI bus speed
 546                         See Documentation/ide.txt.
 547
 548         idle=           [HW]
 549                         Format: idle=poll or idle=halt
 550
 551         ihash_entries=  [KNL]
 552                         Set number of hash buckets for inode cache.
 553
 554         in2000=         [HW,SCSI]
 555                         See header of drivers/scsi/in2000.c.
 556
 557         init=           [KNL]
 558                         Format: <full_path>
 559                         Run specified binary instead of /sbin/init as init
 560                         process.
 561
 562         initcall_debug  [KNL] Trace initcalls as they are executed.  Useful
 563                         for working out where the kernel is dying during
 564                         startup.
 565
 566         initrd=         [BOOT] Specify the location of the initial ramdisk
 567
 568         inport.irq=     [HW] Inport (ATI XL and Microsoft) busmouse driver
 569                         Format: <irq>
 570
 571         inttest=        [IA64]
 572
 573         io7=            [HW] IO7 for Marvel based alpha systems
 574                         See comment before marvel_specify_io7 in
 575                         arch/alpha/kernel/core_marvel.c.
 576
 577         ip=             [IP_PNP]
 578                         See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
 579
 580         ip2=            [HW] Set IO/IRQ pairs for up to 4 IntelliPort boards
 581                         See comment before ip2_setup() in drivers/char/ip2.c.
 582
 583         ips=            [HW,SCSI] Adaptec / IBM ServeRAID controller
 584                         See header of drivers/scsi/ips.c.
 585
 586         isapnp=         [ISAPNP]
 587                         Format: <RDP>, <reset>, <pci_scan>, <verbosity>
 588
 589         isolcpus=       [KNL,SMP] Isolate CPUs from the general scheduler.
 590                         Format: <cpu number>,...,<cpu number>
 591                         This option can be used to specify one or more CPUs
 592                         to isolate from the general SMP balancing and scheduling
 593                         algorithms. The only way to move a process onto or off
 594                         an "isolated" CPU is via the CPU affinity syscalls.
 595                         <cpu number> begins at 0 and the maximum value is
 596                         "number of CPUs in system - 1".
 597
 598                         This option is the preferred way to isolate CPUs. The
 599                         alternative - manually setting the CPU mask of all tasks
 600                         in the system can cause problems and suboptimal load
 601                         balancer performance.
 602
 603         isp16=          [HW,CD]
 604                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<setup>
 605
 606         iucv=           [HW,NET]
 607
 608         js=             [HW,JOY] Analog joystick
 609                         See Documentation/input/joystick.txt.
 610
 611         keepinitrd      [HW,ARM]
 612
 613         l2cr=           [PPC]
 614
 615         lapic           [IA-32,APIC] Enable the local APIC even if BIOS disabled it.
 616
 617         lasi=           [HW,SCSI] PARISC LASI driver for the 53c700 chip
 618                         Format: addr:<io>,irq:<irq>
 619
 620         llsc*=          [IA64]
 621                         See function print_params() in arch/ia64/sn/kernel/llsc4.c.
 622
 623         load_ramdisk=   [RAM] List of ramdisks to load from floppy
 624                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
 625
 626         lockd.udpport=  [NFS]
 627
 628         lockd.tcpport=  [NFS]
 629
 630         logibm.irq=     [HW,MOUSE] Logitech Bus Mouse Driver
 631                         Format: <irq>
 632
 633         log_buf_len=n   Sets the size of the printk ring buffer, in bytes.
 634                         Format is n, nk, nM.  n must be a power of two.  The
 635                         default is set in kernel config.
 636
 637         lp=0            [LP]    Specify parallel ports to use, e.g,
 638         lp=port[,port...]       lp=none,parport0 (lp0 not configured, lp1 uses
 639         lp=reset                first parallel port). 'lp=0' disables the
 640         lp=auto                 printer driver. 'lp=reset' (which can be
 641                                 specified in addition to the ports) causes
 642                                 attached printers to be reset. Using
 643                                 lp=port1,port2,... specifies the parallel ports
 644                                 to associate lp devices with, starting with
 645                                 lp0. A port specification may be 'none' to skip
 646                                 that lp device, or a parport name such as
 647                                 'parport0'. Specifying 'lp=auto' instead of a
 648                                 port specification list means that device IDs
 649                                 from each port should be examined, to see if
 650                                 an IEEE 1284-compliant printer is attached; if
 651                                 so, the driver will manage that printer.
 652                                 See also header of drivers/char/lp.c.
 653
 654         lpj=n           [KNL]
 655                         Sets loops_per_jiffy to given constant, thus avoiding
 656                         time-consuming boot-time autodetection (up to 250 ms per
 657                         CPU). 0 enables autodetection (default). To determine
 658                         the correct value for your kernel, boot with normal
 659                         autodetection and see what value is printed. Note that
 660                         on SMP systems the preset will be applied to all CPUs,
 661                         which is likely to cause problems if your CPUs need
 662                         significantly divergent settings. An incorrect value
 663                         will cause delays in the kernel to be wrong, leading to
 664                         unpredictable I/O errors and other breakage. Although
 665                         unlikely, in the extreme case this might damage your
 666                         hardware.
 667
 668         ltpc=           [NET]
 669                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>
 670
 671         mac5380=        [HW,SCSI]
 672                         Format: <can_queue>,<cmd_per_lun>,<sg_tablesize>,<hostid>,<use_tags>
 673
 674         mac53c9x=       [HW,SCSI]
 675                         Format: <num_esps>,<disconnect>,<nosync>,<can_queue>,<cmd_per_lun>,<sg_tablesize>,<hostid>,<use_tags>
 676
 677         machvec=        [IA64]
 678                         Force the use of a particular machine-vector (machvec) in a generic
 679                         kernel.  Example: machvec=hpzx1_swiotlb
 680
 681         mad16=          [HW,OSS]
 682                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>,<joystick>
 683
 684         maui=           [HW,OSS]
 685                         Format: <io>,<irq>
 686
 687         max_loop=       [LOOP] Maximum number of loopback devices that can
 688                         be mounted
 689                         Format: <1-256>
 690
 691         maxcpus=        [SMP] Maximum number of processors that an SMP kernel
 692                         should make use of
 693
 694         max_luns=       [SCSI] Maximum number of LUNs to probe
 695                         Should be between 1 and 2^32-1.
 696
 697         max_report_luns=
 698                         [SCSI] Maximum number of LUNs received
 699                         Should be between 1 and 16384.
 700
 701         mca-pentium     [BUGS=IA-32]
 702
 703         mcatest=        [IA-64]
 704
 705         mcd=            [HW,CD]
 706                         Format: <port>,<irq>,<mitsumi_bug_93_wait>
 707
 708         mcdx=           [HW,CD]
 709
 710         mce             [IA-32] Machine Check Exception
 711
 712         md=             [HW] RAID subsystems devices and level
 713                         See Documentation/md.txt.
 714
 715         mdacon=         [MDA]
 716                         Format: <first>,<last>
 717                         Specifies range of consoles to be captured by the MDA.
 718
 719         mem=nn[KMG]     [KNL,BOOT] Force usage of a specific amount of memory
 720                         Amount of memory to be used when the kernel is not able
 721                         to see the whole system memory or for test.
 722                         [IA-32] Use together with memmap= to avoid physical
 723                         address space collisions. Without memmap= PCI devices
 724                         could be placed at addresses belonging to unused RAM.
 725
 726         mem=nopentium   [BUGS=IA-32] Disable usage of 4MB pages for kernel
 727                         memory.
 728
 729         memmap=exactmap [KNL,IA-32] Enable setting of an exact
 730                         E820 memory map, as specified by the user.
 731                         Such memmap=exactmap lines can be constructed based on
 732                         BIOS output or other requirements. See the memmap=nn@ss
 733                         option description.
 734
 735         memmap=nn[KMG]@ss[KMG]
 736                         [KNL] Force usage of a specific region of memory
 737                         Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
 738
 739         memmap=nn[KMG]#ss[KMG]
 740                         [KNL,ACPI] Mark specific memory as ACPI data.
 741                         Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
 742
 743         memmap=nn[KMG]$ss[KMG]
 744                         [KNL,ACPI] Mark specific memory as reserved.
 745                         Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
 746
 747         meye.*=         [HW] Set MotionEye Camera parameters
 748                         See Documentation/video4linux/meye.txt.
 749
 750         mga=            [HW,DRM]
 751
 752         mousedev.tap_time=
 753                         [MOUSE] Maximum time between finger touching and
 754                         leaving touchpad surface for touch to be considered
 755                         a tap and be reported as a left button click (for
 756                         touchpads working in absolute mode only).
 757                         Format: <msecs>
 758         mousedev.xres=  [MOUSE] Horizontal screen resolution, used for devices
 759                         reporting absolute coordinates, such as tablets
 760         mousedev.yres=  [MOUSE] Vertical screen resolution, used for devices
 761                         reporting absolute coordinates, such as tablets
 762
 763         mpu401=         [HW,OSS]
 764                         Format: <io>,<irq>
 765
 766         MTD_Partition=  [MTD]
 767                         Format: <name>,<region-number>,<size>,<offset>
 768
 769         MTD_Region=     [MTD]
 770                         Format: <name>,<region-number>[,<base>,<size>,<buswidth>,<altbuswidth>]
 771
 772         mtdparts=       [MTD]
 773                         See drivers/mtd/cmdline.c.
 774
 775         n2=             [NET] SDL Inc. RISCom/N2 synchronous serial card
 776
 777         NCR_D700=       [HW,SCSI]
 778                         See header of drivers/scsi/NCR_D700.c.
 779
 780         ncr5380=        [HW,SCSI]
 781
 782         ncr53c400=      [HW,SCSI]
 783
 784         ncr53c400a=     [HW,SCSI]
 785
 786         ncr53c406a=     [HW,SCSI]
 787
 788         ncr53c8xx=      [HW,SCSI]
 789
 790         netdev=         [NET] Network devices parameters
 791                         Format: <irq>,<io>,<mem_start>,<mem_end>,<name>
 792                         Note that mem_start is often overloaded to mean
 793                         something different and driver-specific.
 794
 795         nfsaddrs=       [NFS]
 796                         See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
 797
 798         nfsroot=        [NFS] nfs root filesystem for disk-less boxes.
 799                         See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
 800
 801         nmi_watchdog=   [KNL,BUGS=IA-32] Debugging features for SMP kernels
 802
 803         no387           [BUGS=IA-32] Tells the kernel to use the 387 maths
 804                         emulation library even if a 387 maths coprocessor
 805                         is present.
 806
 807         noalign         [KNL,ARM]
 808
 809         noapic          [SMP,APIC] Tells the kernel to not make use of any
 810                         IOAPICs that may be present in the system.
 811
 812         noasync         [HW,M68K] Disables async and sync negotiation for
 813                         all devices.
 814
 815         nobats          [PPC] Do not use BATs for mapping kernel lowmem
 816                         on "Classic" PPC cores.
 817
 818         nocache         [ARM]
 819
 820         nodisconnect    [HW,SCSI,M68K] Disables SCSI disconnects.
 821
 822         noexec          [IA-64]
 823
 824         noexec          [i386, x86_64]
 825                         noexec=on: enable non-executable mappings (default)
 826                         noexec=off: disable nn-executable mappings
 827
 828         nofxsr          [BUGS=IA-32]
 829
 830         nohlt           [BUGS=ARM]
 831
 832         no-hlt          [BUGS=IA-32] Tells the kernel that the hlt
 833                         instruction doesn't work correctly and not to
 834                         use it.
 835
 836         noirqdebug      [IA-32] Disables the code which attempts to detect and
 837                         disable unhandled interrupt sources.
 838
 839         noisapnp        [ISAPNP] Disables ISA PnP code.
 840
 841         noinitrd        [RAM] Tells the kernel not to load any configured
 842                         initial RAM disk.
 843
 844         nointroute      [IA-64]
 845
 846         nolapic         [IA-32,APIC] Do not enable or use the local APIC.
 847
 848         noltlbs         [PPC] Do not use large page/tlb entries for kernel
 849                         lowmem mapping on PPC40x.
 850
 851         nomce           [IA-32] Machine Check Exception
 852
 853         noresidual      [PPC] Don't use residual data on PReP machines.
 854
 855         noresume        [SWSUSP] Disables resume and restore original swap space.
 856
 857         no-scroll       [VGA] Disables scrollback.
 858                         This is required for the Braillex ib80-piezo Braille
 859                         reader made by F.H. Papenmeier (Germany).
 860
 861         nosbagart       [IA-64]
 862
 863         nosmp           [SMP] Tells an SMP kernel to act as a UP kernel.
 864
 865         nosync          [HW,M68K] Disables sync negotiation for all devices.
 866
 867         notsc           [BUGS=IA-32] Disable Time Stamp Counter
 868
 869         nousb           [USB] Disable the USB subsystem
 870
 871         nowb            [ARM]
 872
 873         opl3=           [HW,OSS]
 874                         Format: <io>
 875
 876         opl3sa=         [HW,OSS]
 877                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
 878
 879         opl3sa2=        [HW,OSS]
 880                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mss_io>,<mpu_io>,<ymode>,<loopback>[,<isapnp>,<multiple]
 881
 882         oprofile.timer= [HW]
 883                         Use timer interrupt instead of performance counters
 884
 885         optcd=          [HW,CD]
 886                         Format: <io>
 887
 888         osst=           [HW,SCSI] SCSI Tape Driver
 889                         Format: <buffer_size>,<write_threshold>
 890                         See also Documentation/scsi/st.txt.
 891
 892         panic=          [KNL] Kernel behaviour on panic
 893                         Format: <timeout>
 894
 895         parkbd.port=    [HW] Parallel port number the keyboard adapter is
 896                         connected to, default is 0.
 897                         Format: <parport#>
 898         parkbd.mode=    [HW] Parallel port keyboard adapter mode of operation,
 899                         0 for XT, 1 for AT (default is AT).
 900                         Format: <mode>
 901
 902         parport=0       [HW,PPT]        Specify parallel ports. 0 disables.
 903         parport=auto                    Use 'auto' to force the driver to use
 904         parport=0xBBB[,IRQ[,DMA]]       any IRQ/DMA settings detected (the
 905                                         default is to ignore detected IRQ/DMA
 906                                         settings because of possible
 907                                         conflicts). You can specify the base
 908                                         address, IRQ, and DMA settings; IRQ and
 909                                         DMA should be numbers, or 'auto' (for
 910                                         using detected settings on that
 911                                         particular port), or 'nofifo' (to avoid
 912                                         using a FIFO even if it is detected).
 913                                         Parallel ports are assigned in the
 914                                         order they are specified on the command
 915                                         line, starting with parport0.
 916
 917         parport_init_mode=
 918                         [HW,PPT]        Configure VIA parallel port to
 919                                         operate in specific mode. This is
 920                                         necessary on Pegasos computer where
 921                                         firmware has no options for setting up
 922                                         parallel port mode and sets it to
 923                                         spp. Currently this function knows
 924                                         686a and 8231 chips.
 925                         Format: [spp|ps2|epp|ecp|ecpepp]
 926
 927         pas2=           [HW,OSS]
 928                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>,<sb_io>,<sb_irq>,<sb_dma>,<sb_dma16>
 929
 930         pas16=          [HW,SCSI]
 931                         See header of drivers/scsi/pas16.c.
 932
 933         pcbit=          [HW,ISDN]
 934
 935         pcd.            [PARIDE]
 936                         See header of drivers/block/paride/pcd.c.
 937                         See also Documentation/paride.txt.
 938
 939         pci=option[,option...]          [PCI] various PCI subsystem options:
 940                 off                     [IA-32] don't probe for the PCI bus
 941                 bios                    [IA-32] force use of PCI BIOS, don't access
 942                                         the hardware directly. Use this if your machine
 943                                         has a non-standard PCI host bridge.
 944                 nobios                  [IA-32] disallow use of PCI BIOS, only direct
 945                                         hardware access methods are allowed. Use this
 946                                         if you experience crashes upon bootup and you
 947                                         suspect they are caused by the BIOS.
 948                 conf1                   [IA-32] Force use of PCI Configuration Mechanism 1.
 949                 conf2                   [IA-32] Force use of PCI Configuration Mechanism 2.
 950                 nosort                  [IA-32] Don't sort PCI devices according to
 951                                         order given by the PCI BIOS. This sorting is done
 952                                         to get a device order compatible with older kernels.
 953                 biosirq                 [IA-32] Use PCI BIOS calls to get the interrupt
 954                                         routing table. These calls are known to be buggy
 955                                         on several machines and they hang the machine when used,
 956                                         but on other computers it's the only way to get the
 957                                         interrupt routing table. Try this option if the kernel
 958                                         is unable to allocate IRQs or discover secondary PCI
 959                                         buses on your motherboard.
 960                 rom                     [IA-32] Assign address space to expansion ROMs.
 961                                         Use with caution as certain devices share address
 962                                         decoders between ROMs and other resources.
 963                 irqmask=0xMMMM          [IA-32] Set a bit mask of IRQs allowed to be assigned
 964                                         automatically to PCI devices. You can make the kernel
 965                                         exclude IRQs of your ISA cards this way.
 966                 lastbus=N               [IA-32] Scan all buses till bus #N. Can be useful
 967                                         if the kernel is unable to find your secondary buses
 968                                         and you want to tell it explicitly which ones they are.
 969                 assign-busses           [IA-32] Always assign all PCI bus
 970                                         numbers ourselves, overriding
 971                                         whatever the firmware may have
 972                                         done.
 973                 usepirqmask             [IA-32] Honor the possible IRQ mask
 974                                         stored in the BIOS $PIR table. This is
 975                                         needed on some systems with broken
 976                                         BIOSes, notably some HP Pavilion N5400
 977                                         and Omnibook XE3 notebooks. This will
 978                                         have no effect if ACPI IRQ routing is
 979                                         enabled.
 980                 noacpi                  [IA-32] Do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
 981                                         or for PCI scanning.
 982                 routeirq                Do IRQ routing for all PCI devices.
 983                                         This is normally done in pci_enable_device(),
 984                                         so this option is a temporary workaround
 985                                         for broken drivers that don't call it.
 986
 987                 firmware                [ARM] Do not re-enumerate the bus but
 988                                         instead just use the configuration
 989                                         from the bootloader. This is currently
 990                                         used on IXP2000 systems where the
 991                                         bus has to be configured a certain way
 992                                         for adjunct CPUs.
 993
 994         pcmv=           [HW,PCMCIA] BadgePAD 4
 995
 996         pd.             [PARIDE]
 997                         See Documentation/paride.txt.
 998
 999         pdcchassis=     [PARISC,HW] Disable/Enable PDC Chassis Status codes at
1000                         boot time.
1001                         Format: { 0 | 1 }
1002                         See arch/parisc/kernel/pdc_chassis.c
1003
1004         pf.             [PARIDE]
1005                         See Documentation/paride.txt.
1006
1007         pg.             [PARIDE]
1008                         See Documentation/paride.txt.
1009
1010         pirq=           [SMP,APIC] Manual mp-table setup
1011                         See Documentation/i386/IO-APIC.txt.
1012
1013         plip=           [PPT,NET] Parallel port network link
1014                         Format: { parport<nr> | timid | 0 }
1015                         See also Documentation/parport.txt.
1016
1017         pnpbios=        [ISAPNP]
1018                         { on | off | curr | res | no-curr | no-res }
1019
1020         pnp_reserve_irq=
1021                         [ISAPNP] Exclude IRQs for the autoconfiguration
1022
1023         pnp_reserve_dma=
1024                         [ISAPNP] Exclude DMAs for the autoconfiguration
1025
1026         pnp_reserve_io= [ISAPNP] Exclude I/O ports for the autoconfiguration
1027                         Ranges are in pairs (I/O port base and size).
1028
1029         pnp_reserve_mem=
1030                         [ISAPNP] Exclude memory regions for the autoconfiguration
1031                         Ranges are in pairs (memory base and size).
1032
1033         profile=        [KNL] Enable kernel profiling via /proc/profile
1034                         { schedule | <number> }
1035                         (param: schedule - profile schedule points}
1036                         (param: profile step/bucket size as a power of 2 for
1037                                 statistical time based profiling)
1038
1039         processor.max_cstate=   [HW, ACPI]
1040                         Limit processor to maximum C-state
1041                         max_cstate=9 overrides any DMI blacklist limit.
1042
1043         prompt_ramdisk= [RAM] List of RAM disks to prompt for floppy disk
1044                         before loading.
1045                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
1046
1047         psmouse.proto=  [HW,MOUSE] Highest PS2 mouse protocol extension to
1048                         probe for (bare|imps|exps).
1049         psmouse.rate=   [HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse report rate, in reports
1050                         per second.
1051         psmouse.resetafter=
1052                         [HW,MOUSE] Try to reset the device after so many bad packets
1053                         (0 = never).
1054         psmouse.resolution=
1055                         [HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse resolution, in dpi.
1056         psmouse.smartscroll=
1057                         [HW,MOUSE] Controls Logitech smartscroll autorepeat,
1058                         0 = disabled, 1 = enabled (default).
1059
1060         pss=            [HW,OSS] Personal Sound System (ECHO ESC614)
1061                         Format: <io>,<mss_io>,<mss_irq>,<mss_dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
1062
1063         pt.             [PARIDE]
1064                         See Documentation/paride.txt.
1065
1066         quiet=          [KNL] Disable log messages
1067
1068         r128=           [HW,DRM]
1069
1070         raid=           [HW,RAID]
1071                         See Documentation/md.txt.
1072
1073         ramdisk=        [RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes [deprecated]
1074                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
1075
1076         ramdisk_blocksize=
1077                         [RAM]
1078                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
1079
1080         ramdisk_size=   [RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes
1081                         New name for the ramdisk parameter.
1082                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
1083
1084         reboot=         [BUGS=IA-32,BUGS=ARM,BUGS=IA-64] Rebooting mode
1085                         Format: <reboot_mode>[,<reboot_mode2>[,...]]
1086                         See arch/*/kernel/reboot.c.
1087
1088         reserve=        [KNL,BUGS] Force the kernel to ignore some iomem area
1089
1090         resume=         [SWSUSP] Specify the partition device for software suspension
1091
1092         rhash_entries=  [KNL,NET]
1093                         Set number of hash buckets for route cache
1094
1095         riscom8=        [HW,SERIAL]
1096                         Format: <io_board1>[,<io_board2>[,...<io_boardN>]]
1097
1098         ro              [KNL] Mount root device read-only on boot
1099
1100         root=           [KNL] Root filesystem
1101
1102         rootflags=      [KNL] Set root filesystem mount option string
1103
1104         rootfstype=     [KNL] Set root filesystem type
1105
1106         rw              [KNL] Mount root device read-write on boot
1107
1108         S               [KNL] Run init in single mode
1109
1110         sa1100ir        [NET]
1111                         See drivers/net/irda/sa1100_ir.c.
1112
1113         sb=             [HW,OSS]
1114                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
1115
1116         sbni=           [NET] Granch SBNI12 leased line adapter
1117
1118         sbpcd=          [HW,CD] Soundblaster CD adapter
1119                         Format: <io>,<type>
1120                         See a comment before function sbpcd_setup() in
1121                         drivers/cdrom/sbpcd.c.
1122
1123         sc1200wdt=      [HW,WDT] SC1200 WDT (watchdog) driver
1124                         Format: <io>[,<timeout>[,<isapnp>]]
1125
1126         scsi_debug_*=   [SCSI]
1127                         See drivers/scsi/scsi_debug.c.
1128
1129         scsi_default_dev_flags=
1130                         [SCSI] SCSI default device flags
1131                         Format: <integer>
1132
1133         scsi_dev_flags= [SCSI] Black/white list entry for vendor and model
1134                         Format: <vendor>:<model>:<flags>
1135                         (flags are integer value)
1136
1137         scsi_logging=   [SCSI]
1138
1139         serialnumber    [BUGS=IA-32]
1140
1141         sf16fm=         [HW] SF16FMI radio driver for Linux
1142                         Format: <io>
1143
1144         sg_def_reserved_size=
1145                         [SCSI]
1146
1147         sgalaxy=        [HW,OSS]
1148                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<sgbase>
1149
1150         shapers=        [NET]
1151                         Maximal number of shapers.
1152
1153         sim710=         [SCSI,HW]
1154                         See header of drivers/scsi/sim710.c.
1155
1156         simeth=         [IA-64]
1157         simscsi=
1158
1159         sjcd=           [HW,CD]
1160                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>
1161                         See header of drivers/cdrom/sjcd.c.
1162
1163         slram=          [HW,MTD]
1164
1165         smart2=         [HW]
1166                         Format: <io1>[,<io2>[,...,<io8>]]
1167
1168         snd-ad1816a=    [HW,ALSA]
1169
1170         snd-ad1848=     [HW,ALSA]
1171
1172         snd-ali5451=    [HW,ALSA]
1173
1174         snd-als100=     [HW,ALSA]
1175
1176         snd-als4000=    [HW,ALSA]
1177
1178         snd-azt2320=    [HW,ALSA]
1179
1180         snd-cmi8330=    [HW,ALSA]
1181
1182         snd-cmipci=     [HW,ALSA]
1183
1184         snd-cs4231=     [HW,ALSA]
1185
1186         snd-cs4232=     [HW,ALSA]
1187
1188         snd-cs4236=     [HW,ALSA]
1189
1190         snd-cs4281=     [HW,ALSA]
1191
1192         snd-cs46xx=     [HW,ALSA]
1193
1194         snd-dt019x=     [HW,ALSA]
1195
1196         snd-dummy=      [HW,ALSA]
1197
1198         snd-emu10k1=    [HW,ALSA]
1199
1200         snd-ens1370=    [HW,ALSA]
1201
1202         snd-ens1371=    [HW,ALSA]
1203
1204         snd-es968=      [HW,ALSA]
1205
1206         snd-es1688=     [HW,ALSA]
1207
1208         snd-es18xx=     [HW,ALSA]
1209
1210         snd-es1938=     [HW,ALSA]
1211
1212         snd-es1968=     [HW,ALSA]
1213
1214         snd-fm801=      [HW,ALSA]
1215
1216         snd-gusclassic= [HW,ALSA]
1217
1218         snd-gusextreme= [HW,ALSA]
1219
1220         snd-gusmax=     [HW,ALSA]
1221
1222         snd-hdsp=       [HW,ALSA]
1223
1224         snd-ice1712=    [HW,ALSA]
1225
1226         snd-intel8x0=   [HW,ALSA]
1227
1228         snd-interwave=  [HW,ALSA]
1229
1230         snd-interwave-stb=
1231                         [HW,ALSA]
1232
1233         snd-korg1212=   [HW,ALSA]
1234
1235         snd-maestro3=   [HW,ALSA]
1236
1237         snd-mpu401=     [HW,ALSA]
1238
1239         snd-mtpav=      [HW,ALSA]
1240
1241         snd-nm256=      [HW,ALSA]
1242
1243         snd-opl3sa2=    [HW,ALSA]
1244
1245         snd-opti92x-ad1848=
1246                         [HW,ALSA]
1247
1248         snd-opti92x-cs4231=
1249                         [HW,ALSA]
1250
1251         snd-opti93x=    [HW,ALSA]
1252
1253         snd-pmac=       [HW,ALSA]
1254
1255         snd-rme32=      [HW,ALSA]
1256
1257         snd-rme96=      [HW,ALSA]
1258
1259         snd-rme9652=    [HW,ALSA]
1260
1261         snd-sb8=        [HW,ALSA]
1262
1263         snd-sb16=       [HW,ALSA]
1264
1265         snd-sbawe=      [HW,ALSA]
1266
1267         snd-serial=     [HW,ALSA]
1268
1269         snd-sgalaxy=    [HW,ALSA]
1270
1271         snd-sonicvibes= [HW,ALSA]
1272
1273         snd-sun-amd7930=
1274                         [HW,ALSA]
1275
1276         snd-sun-cs4231= [HW,ALSA]
1277
1278         snd-trident=    [HW,ALSA]
1279
1280         snd-usb-audio=  [HW,ALSA,USB]
1281
1282         snd-via82xx=    [HW,ALSA]
1283
1284         snd-virmidi=    [HW,ALSA]
1285
1286         snd-wavefront=  [HW,ALSA]
1287
1288         snd-ymfpci=     [HW,ALSA]
1289
1290         sonicvibes=     [HW,OSS]
1291                         Format: <reverb>
1292
1293         sonycd535=      [HW,CD]
1294                         Format: <io>[,<irq>]
1295
1296         sonypi.*=       [HW] Sony Programmable I/O Control Device driver
1297                         See Documentation/sonypi.txt
1298
1299         specialix=      [HW,SERIAL] Specialix multi-serial port adapter
1300                         See Documentation/specialix.txt.
1301
1302         spia_io_base=   [HW,MTD]
1303         spia_fio_base=
1304         spia_pedr=
1305         spia_peddr=
1306
1307         sscape=         [HW,OSS]
1308                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
1309
1310         st=             [HW,SCSI] SCSI tape parameters (buffers, etc.)
1311                         See Documentation/scsi/st.txt.
1312
1313         st0x=           [HW,SCSI]
1314                         See header of drivers/scsi/seagate.c.
1315
1316         sti=            [PARISC,HW]
1317                         Format: <num>
1318                         Set the STI (builtin display/keyboard on the HP-PARISC
1319                         machines) console (graphic card) which should be used
1320                         as the initial boot-console.
1321                         See also comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c.
1322
1323         sti_font=       [HW]
1324                         See comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c.
1325
1326         stifb=          [HW]
1327                         Format: bpp:<bpp1>[:<bpp2>[:<bpp3>...]]
1328
1329         stram_swap=     [HW,M68k]
1330
1331         swiotlb=        [IA-64] Number of I/O TLB slabs
1332
1333         switches=       [HW,M68k]
1334
1335         sym53c416=      [HW,SCSI]
1336                         See header of drivers/scsi/sym53c416.c.
1337
1338         sym53c8xx=      [HW,SCSI]
1339                         See Documentation/scsi/ncr53c8xx.txt.
1340
1341         t128=           [HW,SCSI]
1342                         See header of drivers/scsi/t128.c.
1343
1344         tdfx=           [HW,DRM]
1345
1346         thash_entries=  [KNL,NET]
1347                         Set number of hash buckets for TCP connection
1348
1349         tipar.timeout=  [HW,PPT]
1350                         Set communications timeout in tenths of a second
1351                         (default 15).
1352
1353         tipar.delay=    [HW,PPT]
1354                         Set inter-bit delay in microseconds (default 10).
1355
1356         tiusb=          [HW,USB] Texas Instruments' USB GraphLink (aka SilverLink)
1357                         Format: <timeout>
1358
1359         tmc8xx=         [HW,SCSI]
1360                         See header of drivers/scsi/seagate.c.
1361
1362         tmscsim=        [HW,SCSI]
1363                         See comment before function dc390_setup() in
1364                         drivers/scsi/tmscsim.c.
1365
1366         tp720=          [HW,PS2]
1367
1368         trix=           [HW,OSS] MediaTrix AudioTrix Pro
1369                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<sb_io>,<sb_irq>,<sb_dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
1370
1371         tsdev.xres=     [TS] Horizontal screen resolution.
1372         tsdev.yres=     [TS] Vertical screen resolution.
1373
1374         turbografx.map[2|3]=
1375                         [HW,JOY] TurboGraFX parallel port interface
1376                         Format: <port#>,<js1>,<js2>,<js3>,<js4>,<js5>,<js6>,<js7>
1377                         See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
1378
1379         u14-34f=        [HW,SCSI] UltraStor 14F/34F SCSI host adapter
1380                         See header of drivers/scsi/u14-34f.c.
1381
1382         uart401=        [HW,OSS]
1383                         Format: <io>,<irq>
1384
1385         uart6850=       [HW,OSS]
1386                         Format: <io>,<irq>
1387
1388         usb-handoff     [HW] Enable early USB BIOS -> OS handoff
1389
1390         video=          [FB] Frame buffer configuration
1391                         See Documentation/fb/modedb.txt.
1392
1393         vga=            [BOOT,IA-32] Select a particular video mode
1394                         See Documentation/i386/boot.txt and Documentation/svga.txt.
1395                         Use vga=ask for menu.
1396                         This is actually a boot loader parameter; the value is
1397                         passed to the kernel using a special protocol.
1398
1399         vmalloc=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT] forces the vmalloc area to have an exact
1400                         size of <nn>. This can be used to increase the
1401                         minimum size (128MB on x86). It can also be used to
1402                         decrease the size and leave more room for directly
1403                         mapped kernel RAM.
1404
1405         vmhalt=         [KNL,S390]
1406
1407         vmpoff=         [KNL,S390]
1408
1409         waveartist=     [HW,OSS]
1410                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
1411
1412         wd33c93=        [HW,SCSI]
1413                         See header of drivers/scsi/wd33c93.c.
1414
1415         wd7000=         [HW,SCSI]
1416                         See header of drivers/scsi/wd7000.c.
1417
1418         wdt=            [WDT] Watchdog
1419                         See Documentation/watchdog/watchdog.txt.
1420
1421         xd=             [HW,XT] Original XT pre-IDE (RLL encoded) disks.
1422         xd_geo=         See header of drivers/block/xd.c.
1423
1424         xirc2ps_cs=     [NET,PCMCIA]
1425                         Format: <irq>,<irq_mask>,<io>,<full_duplex>,<do_sound>,<lockup_hack>[,<irq2>[,<irq3>[,<irq4>]]]
1426
1427
1428
1429 Changelog:
1430
1431         The last known update (for 2.4.0) - the changelog was not kept before.
1432         2000-06-??      Mr. Unknown
1433
1434         Update for 2.5.49, description for most of the options introduced,
1435         references to other documentation (C files, READMEs, ..), added S390,
1436         PPC, SPARC, MTD, ALSA and OSS category. Minor corrections and
1437         reformatting.
1438         2002-11-24      Petr Baudis <pasky@ucw.cz>
1439                         Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@verizon.net>
1440
1441 TODO:
1442
1443         Add documentation for ALSA options.
1444         Add more DRM drivers.